Theology I - Searching for God in the World Today

Code Number: TH111E Course Title: Theology I - Searching for God in the World Today Chapter I: GOD’S Revelation in and through Everyday Experiences 1.1 The â€Å"Everyday† or the â€Å"Ordinary Introduction Topic 1.1 The â€Å"Everyday† or â€Å"Ordinary† Objective: After this lesson, the student will be able to reflect on one’s experience of everyday life, especially on a â€Å"depth experience† â€Å"SEE† LET US â€Å"SEE† A. The â€Å"Everyday† or â€Å"Ordinary† B. â€Å"Depth Experiences† in the Everyday or Ordinary A. The â€Å"Everyday† or â€Å"Ordinary† A religious educator by the name of John Hall wrote: â€Å"If we think theology has nothing to do with†¦show more content†¦In different cultures, the words for â€Å"everyday† or â€Å"ordinary† are: †¢ Tagalog: pang-araw-araw, pangkaraniwan †¢ Cebuano: adlaw-adlaw, matag-adlaw †¢ Chinese: æâ€" ¥Ã¥ ¸ ¸, rà ¬chà ¡ng †¢ Malay: sehari-hari †¢ French: de tous les jours †¢ Japanese: æâ€" ¥Ã¥ ¸ ¸, nichijÃ…  †¢ Korean: ì  ¼Ã¬Æ' Ã¬ Ëœ, ilsang-ui †¢ Spanish: cotidiano †¢ Burmese: Nay Tine †¢ Lao: Touk touk meu †¢ Urdu: Ø ±Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ² Ø ¨Ã˜ ±Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ² Ù ¬ Ø ±Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ² Ø ±Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ² Ù ¬ Û Ã˜ ± Ø ±Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ² †¢ Thai: Tuk tuk wan In a formal meaning, the â€Å"everyday† is the whole of doing, thinking and feeling in our daily lives and recurring routine I wonder how your everyday looks like. Here’s a list of my everyday [pic] This is just a list of my everyday in the first few hours of the day. I can make it longer through the day and night. Can you write down on your notebook or journal a list of your everyday routine of activities? (â€Å"Routine† refers to things you do regularly or as a matter of habit.) Now, show your list of everyday, ordinary activities to a seatmate. After that, move around to see also the everyday of your classmates. Then, go back to your seats and let’s talk. 1) What have you noticed in your own list or in the everyday life of your classmates? 2)Show MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Our Identity1538 Words   |  7 Pagesthis paper, I could not get past the subtle nature of who we are as God’s creations. This fundamental truth of our identity is simplified with the truth of our identity in Jesus. We are created in God’s image with a purpose here on earth to display all of God’s greatness, His beauty, and to reveal all of His character aspects. Best of all, we are completely dependent on God. This new enlightenment of my identity in Christ as God’s creation will allow me to help people around the world become one withRead MoreCalvins Epistemology Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagesnaturally aware of God. He also asserts two fundamental knowledges- God and self- and he elaborates upon the relationship between the two. I. Biography of John Calvin A. Birth and childhood B. Schooling and further education C. Early works and accomplishments II. How is it possible to know anything? III. John Calvin A. brief introduction of the Institutes B. Calvin’s theory of epistemology 1. Humans have a natural awareness of God. a. our minds b. nature 2. knowledge of God a. requiresRead MoreThe Effect Of Becoming Too Smart1043 Words   |  5 PagesToday, people live in a world unlike those generations before, where time stood still and our thoughts were our real mode of entertainment, but now people have invested into a controlled and structured lifestyle. 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Learning to Read Malcolm X Free Essays

In the book â€Å"Learning to Read,† Malcolm X describes his â€Å"homemade Education. † He started his homemade education because his ability to read and write was hampered, which frustrated him. He educated himself with a dictionary and began painstakingly copying every entry. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning to Read Malcolm X or any similar topic only for you Order Now He began remembering the words and what they meant. Over a period of time he finished copying out the whole dictionary. Malcolm regarded the dictionary as a miniature encyclopedia. As his word base broadened, he found that he could understand what he read. Malcolm read every free moment he had and he would stay up long nights reading until 3 or 4 in the morning. As Malcolm continued to read he gained an extensive interest in History books. He was astounded at the knowledge he obtained about the history of black civilizations throughout the world. However, his reading was not limited to history because he also read about genetics, philosophy, and religion. Malcolm possessed the ability to teach himself the English language when one knows how complex it is. His relentless efforts not only bettered his intelligence but also his education on topics such as history, genetics and philosophy. In â€Å"Learning to read†, the tone of Malcolm X’s voice is proud. Malcolm started on the streets as a hustler but later taught himself how to read in which he educated himself on the history of black civilization. With all of the knowledge Malcolm gained from reading, he is proud to have proved Arnold Toynbee wrong. Toynbee stated that Africa was the only continent to produce no history. Malcolm however, states Africa did posses history; it simply was not recorded. In 1857, some of the desperate people from India finally mutinied- and expecting the African Slave trade, nowhere in history recorded anymore unnecessary bestial and ruthless human carnage than the British suppression of the non-white Indian people. † Finally, Malcolm uses his education to boast and dignify his life. He flies around the world to speak to people of his su ccess and it boosts his ego substantially when people think he has gone to school well past 8th grade. It is truly remarkable to teach oneself the English language and Malcolm X is extremely proud of his accomplishments. How to cite Learning to Read Malcolm X, Essay examples

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis †Free Samples for Students

Question: What Is The Clinical Assessment And Diagnosis? Answer: Introduction Mr. Giovanni DeBella aged seventy-two years old, who experiences the Chronic Heart Failure condition, got presented to the Emergency Department very early in the morning with complaints about the difficulties in breathing and a burning sensation feeling to suffocate. At the ward, Mr. Giovanni gets about three pillows to use on the bed to raise his head for easy breathing, but this did not help on his dyspnea condition. Furthermore, Mr. Giovanni narrates to the nurse on duty that in a couple of days now he found it challenging to move around his house minus the feeling of getting puffed(Yancy, et al., 2013). He further tells the nurse that upon showering the breathlessness increases, got problems with putting on his shoes due to the swelling of his feet and he smokes. The essay paper shall focus on the assessment of the patients important clinical manifestations and the two prioritized problems which are the impaired gas exchange and the excessive fluid volume. Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis. On assessing Mr. Giovanni, the following were the vital signs and symptoms that got noted. His body temperature was at normal range 36.9 degree Celsius, the heart beat rate of 115 per minute, the electrocardiogram was normal, the blood pressure was 118/60. Moreover, the respiratory rate was at 26 per minute, and the room air had ninety-one percent oxygen saturation. During the process of auscultation, it got noted that the patient had a widespread for the course crackles and a wheezing sound(Ponikowski, et al., 2013). The chest x-ray results show that Mr. Giovanni has got an enlarged ratio for the cardiothoracic, in his lower lobes there are white patches with the lines of Kerly B. The patient get diagnosed to have an acute manifestation of the heart failure. Impaired Gas Exchange The problem of the impaired gas exchange relates to Mr. Giovannis signs and the assessment data recorded by the nurse on duty. On admission, Mr. Giovanni narrates to the nurse that he usually experiences shortness of breath and his condition for dyspnea is unrelieved even if he uses more than two pillows to sit up while on the bed(Mentz, et al., 2014). Further, during the auscultation process, wheezing sounds are heard, and the widespread crackles got noted by the nurse. The assessment data also shows that the patient gave that he ages above 65 years old, he most likely experienced falls. Mr. Giovanni though confirms that he does find it difficult to locomote around his house freely(Yancy, et al., 2013). The assessment data believed to correctly and accurately recorded as per the professional nursing standards of practice, they clearly show that the patient does require support and prevention from falls. Based on the pathophysiology, the problem of impaired gas exchange does relate closely to the breathing difficulties and the struggle for head raised through the help of pillows to get access to fresh air. The room itself gets saturated by about 91 percent of oxygen to assist the patient in easy access to fresh air. In such circumstances of a patient experiencing the difficulties of breathing, physiologically the lungs processes of inhalation and exhalation are not in the balance(Russell, et al., 2015). It gets realized that Mr. Giovanni would easily struggle to breathe in but would fail to breathe out much quickly. Such a situation confirms the problem of the impaired gas exchange in the patient. Pathophysiologically, the nurse, should realize that Mr. Giovanni experiences difficulty in walking around his house due to the fatigue arising from the accumulation of lactic acid in his muscles(Asgar, Mack, Stone, 2015). The lactic acid also leads to the muscle cramping. The accumulation of the acid results from the process of partial anaerobic respiration which takes place in the patient due to the low amount of oxygen that get inhaled to support aerobic respiration solely. Anaerobic respiration occurs to provide the little energy and vigor for Mr. Giovanni. Due to the problem of impaired gas exchange, Mr. Giovanni would unequally breathe in and breath out, hence, the unbalanced ratio between oxygen and the carbon dioxide gases. Nursing Interventions for Impaired Gas Exchange So as to assist Mr. Giovanni, the following nursing interventions are necessary and relevant in relieving his dyspnea condition. The patients respiratory system should get closely examined and evaluated. The efficiency for the perfusion should get established(Verbrugge, et al., 2013). This gets to be necessary for the process of determining whether Mr. Giovannis respiratory ventilation system functions properly or not. As a nurse, one should examine a patients respiratory rate so as to find out what would cause shortness of breath. In the case scenario, the nurse on duty measured Mr. Giovannis respiratory rate as a way of documenting and using the assessment data in making informed decisions regarding the nursing care of the patient(Tanai Frantz, 2015). Moreover, another nursing to put in place involves the maintenance of the patients bed at an elevated angle of 90 degrees. This nursing intervention ensures that the patients head gets raised at a higher level in order to access fresh air easily to fight difficulties in breathing. When Mr. Giovanni gets admitted, the nurse provides three pillows for the patient to use. The shortness of breath has a closer relationship with the cardiovascular complications. Usually, the dyspnea condition clinically manifests the heart failure(Kupper, Bonhof, Westerhuis, Widdershoven, Denollet, 2016). Focusing on Mr. Giovanni, the identification of the dyspnea symptoms such as the respiratory complications gets associated with the pulmonary venocapillary congestion which regularly presents difficulties in breathing at night when he lies horizontally on the bed. Such happens to Mr. Giovanni because of the fluid displacement into the far interior section of the patients lungs. Such a condition prompts M r. Giovanni to sleep almost in a sitting position with the help of the three pillows provided to prevent the heart failure as a result of the pulmonary venocapillary congestion(Park, et al., 2015). Usually, the dyspnea condition increases when the patient lies horizontally on a level platform but do decrease when he sits. The sitting position to control dyspnea symptom is known as orthopnea. Mr. Giovannis physical activities such as doing exercises and walking around the house may receive nursing intervention through implementing the method of elevating his bed to reduce the functional dyspnea. Also, the dyspnea condition leads to the problem of respiratory ventilation-perfusion and the impaired gas exchange with the respiratory acidosis which impacts on the patients quality of life and physical activities such as walking and the sleeping manner(Kasai, Bradley, Friedman, Logan, 2014). The implementation of the two priority interventions mentioned herein would help to reduce both the dyspnea condition and the dysfunctional dyspnea for Mr. Giovanni. Excess Fluid Volume The problem is commonly known as the hypervolemia condition, refer to the increase in the isotonic fluid retaining which result in the ECF expansion due to the sodium content and water increase proportionately in the total body. The problem does arise from the compromising of the regulatory actions on the sodium and water which occurs in the patients with heart failure or the kidney failure and the liver failure conditions(Kitzman, et al., 2014). It got also, believed that the problem of The Excess Fluid Volume would result from the excessive consumption of the sodium containing foods, medical drugs, IV solutions or from the diagnostic dyes. Similarly, the following medical conditions might lead to the Fluid Volume Excess; the hemodialysis, the peritoneal dialysis, and the myocardial infarction(Sousa, et al., 2015). For the condition to get treated or rather controlled, the sodium content and fluid intake should get regulated. The restriction of the sodium and water consumption would offer effective treatment for the hypervolemia and ensure that the extracellular compartment gets back to normal. In the case scenario involving Mr. Giovanni, the nursing diagnosis shows that the patient has the condition of acute failure(Ambrosy, et al., 2014). Studies do substantiate that the excess fluid volume usually gets diagnosed in the patients with heart failure. The problem relates closely to Mr. Giovannis signs and the assessment data accurately recorded by the nurse who attended to the patient. The problem has got characteristics for the pulmonary crackles which are evident in Mr. Giovanni. Moreover, the problem displays the clinical manifestations for the elevated capillary pressure of the pulmonary, the dyspnea symptom and the dysfunctional dyspnea(Haykowsky, Brubaker, Morgan, Kritchevsky, Kitzman, 2013). Most of these symptoms are similar to those Mr. Giovanni tells the nurse and those that have got documented in the patient's data book. The clinical research that got conducted by different clinical experts does validate that the cardinal symptoms of the dyspnea, the orthopnea, and the pulmonary congestion, shows that characteristics for such conditions are the primary clinical indicators for the problem of the Excessive Fluid Volume. The overhead signs and clinical manifestations for Mr. Giovanni clearly depict the problem(Park H. , 2014). The clinical manifestation for dyspnea in Mr. Giovanni forms the most significant condition to validate the Excessive Fluid Volume due to its high-reliability index which got obtained during the clinical research study. Most patients show to have the dyspnea condition, approximately 94%. Nursing Interventions for Excess Fluid Volume The following nursing interventions are critical to the treatment of the hypervolemia condition in Mr. Giovanni. The nurse on duty should direct and monitor the fluid intake for Mr. Giovanni. The nurse should ensure that the patient under her/his care takes controlled amounts of water such that regimen compliance gets enhanced. Further, the fluid control should get done through the prescription of the taking of the diuretics which would assist in the process of excretion of the excessive body fluids. Another effective nursing which should get prioritized for Mr. Giovanni should involve the limiting of the sodium amount intake(Jeronymo Cruz, 2015). The amount consumed by the patient should get restricted by the nurse or the family caregivers. The sodium content needs to get regulated such that little fluid retention happens. The nurse should take charge in educating the patient and the family members or relatives on the essence of liquid restrictions and how it should get done. The n urse on duty should further disperse information and vital knowledge concerning the Excessive Fluid Volume condition to the patients and the family caregivers. For Mr. Giovannis case scenario, the critical with a very close correlation with the hypervolemia condition includes the HR which got recorded by the nurse as 115/minute, and a BP of 118/60 was also noted down in the patients record book. During the nursing interventions, the nurse on duty should monitor the BP and the HR closely since they provide evidence-based leads to the early developmental stages of the condition. For instance, if the BP increases, it would be an evident sign of the Excessive Fluid Volume condition(Butcher, Bulechek, Dochterman, Wagner, 2013). According to the measurements obtained from the assessment data, the BP seems high or rather elevated giving a clue that Mr. Giovanni has the condition and necessary restrictions on the sodium content and the fluid intake should get implemented. The nurse may choose to direct that drinks a specified number of glasses of water he should drink within a stipulated period or administer diuretics prescriptions. In most cases, the high blood pressure hinders the fluid flow from the body, hence, increased fluid retention which results to the increased fluid volume accumulation in the body. Conclusion Mr. Giovanni, aged 72 years would be suffering from heart failure condition. Based on the diagnosis, the assessment data recorded by the nurse and the signs noted are evident that the patient had two major problems. The problems include the impaired gas exchange and the Excessive Fluid Volume. The impaired gas exchange hinders the patient from breathing normally. Mr. Giovanni on admission to the emergency department, he informs the nurse attending to him that he experiences shortness of breath, dyspnea dysfunction on his physical activities such as walking around his house. He further mentions that he does smoke but the condition of breathing with difficulty has hindered his regular exercising activity. Furthermore, Mr. Giovanni gets three pillows to enable to sleep on the hospital bed while on the sitting position to prevent dyspnea. Finally, Mr. Giovanni experiences the condition of excessive fluid accumulation in the body as a result of increased consumption of sodium content and excessive fluid intake. The hypervolemia condition may get treated through the diuretic prescriptions and controlled sodium consumption in the meals or the medications containing it. References Ambrosy, A. P., Fonarow, G. C., Butler, J., Chioncel, O., Greene, S. J., Vaduganathan, M., ... Gheorghiade, M. (2014). The global health and economic burden of hospitalizations for heart failure: lessons learned from hospitalized heart failure registries.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,63(12), 1123-1133. Asgar, A. W., Mack, M. J., Stone, G. W. (2015). Secondary mitral regurgitation in heart failure: pathophysiology, prognosis, and therapeutic considerations.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,65(12), 1231-1248. Butcher, H. K., Bulechek, G. M., Dochterman, J. M. M., Wagner, C. (2013). Nursing interventions classification (NIC). Elsevier Health Sciences. Haykowsky, M. J., Brubaker, P. H., Morgan, T. M., Kritchevsky, S., Eggebeen, J., Kitzman, D. W. (2013). Impaired aerobic capacity and physical functional performance in older heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: role of lean body mass.The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences,68(8), 968-975. Jeronymo, A. C. D. O., Cruz, I. (2015). The recommended care for critical patients with nursing diagnosis impaired gas exchange-Systematic Literature Review.Journal of Specialized Nursing Care,7(1). Kasai, T., Bradley, T. D., Friedman, O., Logan, A. G. (2014). Effect of intensified diuretic therapy on overnight rostral fluid shift and obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.Journal of hypertension,32(3), 673-680. Kasai, T., Bradley, T. D., Friedman, O., Logan, A. G. (2014). Effect of intensified diuretic therapy on overnight rostral fluid shift and obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.Journal of hypertension,32(3), 673-680. Kitzman, D. W., Nicklas, B., Kraus, W. E., Lyles, M. F., Eggebeen, J., Morgan, T. M., Haykowsky, M. (2014). Skeletal muscle abnormalities and exercise intolerance in older patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology,306(9), H1364-H1370. Kociol, R. D., McNulty, S. E., Hernandez, A. F., Lee, K. L., Redfield, M. M., Tracy, R. P., ... Felker, G. M. (2013). Markers of Decongestion, Dyspnea Relief, and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients Hospitalized With Acute Heart FailureClinical Perspective.Circulation: Heart Failure,6(2), 240-245. Kupper, N., Bonhof, C., Westerhuis, B., Widdershoven, J., Denollet, J. (2016). Determinants of dyspnea in chronic heart failure.Journal of cardiac failure,22(3), 201-209. Mentz, R. J., Kjeldsen, K., Rossi, G. P., Voors, A. A., Cleland, J. G., Anker, S. D., ... Pitt, B. (2014). Decongestion in acute heart failure.European journal of heart failure,16(5), 471-482. Park, H. (2014). Identifying Core NANDA?I Nursing Diagnoses, NIC Interventions, NOC Outcomes, and NNN Linkages for Heart Failure.International journal of nursing knowledge,25(1), 30-38. Park, J. J., Choi, D. J., Yoon, C. H., Oh, I. Y., Lee, J. H., Ahn, S., ... Cho, M. C. (2015). The prognostic value of arterial blood gas analysis in high?risk acute heart failure patients: an analysis of the Korean Heart Failure (KorHF) registry.European journal of heart failure,17(6), 601-611. Ponikowski, P., Voors, A. A., Anker, S. D., Bueno, H., Cleland, J. G., Coats, A. J., ... Jessup, M. (2015). 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure.European heart journal, ehw128. Russell, F. M., Ehrman, R. R., Cosby, K., Ansari, A., Tseeng, S., Christain, E., Bailitz, J. (2015). Diagnosing acute heart failure in patients with undifferentiated dyspnea: a lung and cardiac ultrasound (LuCUS) protocol.Academic Emergency Medicine,22(2), 182-191 Sousa, V. E. C., Pascoal, L. M., Matos, T. F. O., Nascimento, R. V., Chaves, D. B. R., Guedes, N. G., Oliveira Lopes, M. V. (2015). Clinical Indicators of Impaired Gas Exchange in Cardiac Postoperative Patients.International journal of nursing knowledge,26(3), 141-146. Tanai, E., Frantz, S. (2015). Pathophysiology of heart failure.Comprehensive Physiology. Verbrugge, F. H., Dupont, M., Steels, P., Grieten, L., Malbrain, M., Tang, W. W., Mullens, W. (2013). Abdominal contributions to cardiorenal dysfunction in congestive heart failure.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,62(6), 485-495. Yancy, C. W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., Butler, J., Casey, D. E., Drazner, M. H., ... Johnson, M. R. (2013). 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure.Circulation, CIR-0b013e31829e8776. Yancy, C. W., Jessup, M., Bozkurt, B., Butler, J., Casey, D. E., Drazner, M. H., ... Johnson, M. R. (2013). 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines.Circulation,128(16), 1810-1852.

The Association between Dust Incidents and Respiratory Diseases in Abu Dhabi

Introduction The climate’s peculiarities of the Middle East make the population of the countries in the region suffer from a lot of dust incidents every year which occur frequently in relation to the definite season. Summer is the period with the most intensive dust storms in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Iran, Syria, and Iraq.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Association between Dust Incidents and Respiratory Diseases in Abu Dhabi specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The population of the countries with the similar weather conditions such as Lebanon and Israel observe the most drastic dust storms in spring. Dust storms are typical for the climate of Egypt not only for springs but also for winters. The problem is in the fact that such dust incidents as dust storms have a lot of negative effects not only on the environment and economy of the countries but also on their population’s health. Researchers state that it is possible to examine the direct dependence of the development of respiratory diseases among the population of the Middle Eastern countries on the dust storms’ frequency (Akbari, 2011; Kutiel Furman, 2003). Moreover, the possibility of frequent dust storms as the characteristic feature of the region’s climate negatively affects the development of such chronic diseases caused by the sandstorm dust as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this research is to examine and describe the possible correlation between such dust incidents as dust storms and the prevalence of respiratory diseases in the Middle Eastern region with references to the situation in Abu Dhabi. The climate conditions of Abu Dhabi are characterized by frequent dust and sand storms which negatively affect the population’s state of health and cause different respiratory diseases which are often discussed as chronic ones (asthma and COPD). The Nature and Impacts of Dust/Sand Storms in the Region of the Middle East The causes of dust/sand storms in the UAE are the same ones as in any country of the Middle Eastern region. The sand storms are caused by the forces of wind and the prolonged droughts contribute to the development of the process. Thus, the wind affects the vibration of sand particles which later begin to saltate. Akbari states that then the particles of sand â€Å"repeatedly strike the ground, they loosen smaller particles of dust which then begin to travel in suspension† (Akbari, 2011, p. 228). The Persian Gulf region â€Å"suffers from considerably more dust storms than the other regions. The averaged maximum occurs in the summer during which for more than 30% of the time there is a level of airborne dust that reduces visibility to below 11 km† (Akbari, 2011, p. 229). Moreover, dust incidents can also occur in spring and winter when the percentage of their frequency is rather low. Dust storm s are characterized by a lot of negative impacts which can be discussed as rather severe for the countries’ environment, economy, and social life of the population in relation to the increase of health problems, especially a development of the respiratory diseases.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kutiel and Furman, with references to the investigations of the other researchers, determine such negative effects of dust and sand storms in the region as the reduced soil fertility and possible damage to crops which are harmful for agriculture. It is also possible to observe the extreme reduction of solar radiation, and the consequences of this process are the efficiency of solar devices. Sand storms can destroy telecommunications and other mechanical systems. They result in the dirt, air pollution, and the increase of respiratory diseases (Akbari, 2011; Kutiel Furman, 2003). Why are sand storms so risky for the environment and population of the UAE? Akbari pays attention to the fact that â€Å"a sandstorm can move whole sand dunes. Dust storms can carry large amounts of dust, so much so that the leading edge of one can appear as a solid wall of dust as much as 1.6 km (1 mile) high† (Akbari, 2011, p. 228). The effects of this phenomenon can be dangerous for the territory where the process is the most intensive. To prevent the negative effects of dust and sand storms which are observed in the region during the whole year, it is necessary to concentrate on examining the peculiarities of these dust incidents, accentuating the factors which contribute to their development. Moreover, it is also important to work out the system of effective decreasing the consequences of the drastic sand storms. The economists pay much attention to overcoming the impacts of sand storms on the agriculture, the ecologists concentrate on protecting the envir onment from these severe processes, and doctors develop the ways to reduce the negative effects of dust and sand storms for people who suffer from asthma and COPD. The problem of dust storms is also typical for the territories which have different climatic conditions in comparison with those ones in the UAE. In their research, Shao and Dong focus on the methods to cope with dust storms effectively at the territories of China, Korea, and Japan (Shao Dong, 2006). The researchers’ conclusions about the effectiveness of monitoring dust storms and modeling systems to predict the consequences and overcome the impacts can be effective for analyzing the aspects of the problem in the UAE because the negative effects of dust storms on the quality of the people’s life, their health, and social activities can be considered as comparable for these countries.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Association between Dust Incidents and Respiratory Disea ses in Abu Dhabi specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Problem of Respiratory Diseases in the World and in Abu Dhabi The increase of the amount of people who suffer from the respiratory diseases which have the chronic form can be observed every year. Moreover, chronic respiratory diseases become the cause for increasing the level of mortality in the definite countries. According to the data presented at the meeting of Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), asthma and COPD caused the death of 250 000 persons in 2005, and this number increases every year with taking the third position of causing the people’s death globally (WHO, 2008, p.1). According to the results of Hajat, Harrison, and Shather’s research, respiratory diseases take the sixth position as the cause of deaths in Abu Dhabi. That is why, respiratory diseases are discussed as the influential factors for causing the persons’ deaths w ith references to non-communicable diseases (Hajat, Harrison, Shather, 2012). (Hajat, Harrison, Shather, 2012). The situation in the UAE can be compared with the situation in the countries with the similar climatic conditions. It is stated in researches that respiratory diseases is the main causes for the population’s deaths in Egypt, Syria, and Lebanon (WHO, 2006). According to Nuwayhid, Youssef, and Habib, â€Å"rainfall decrease and increase in temperature will increase air pollution and consequently cause an increase in respiratory illnesses among urban populations, particularly in Egypt, Lebanon and the United Arab Emirates† (Nuwayhid, Youssef, Habib, 2009, p. 90). The development of these diseases is correlated with the frequency of dust incidents.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is possible to determine such causes for developing the chronic respiratory diseases as the intensification of the air pollution caused by increasing the level of dangerous substances in the air. Breathing the extremely polluted air as a result of the industries’ development, a lot of people over the world suffer from the reduced lung function, different symptoms of asthma and COPD, and from chronic bronchitis. However, the situation in the UAE is more complicated because of the fact the majority of symptoms of the respiratory diseases depend on the high level of presence of the sand and dust particles in the air. Thus, the professors who presented their reports at the GARD meeting stated that the percentage of the morbidity and mortality caused by asthma and COPD is comparatively high in the Middle East, and the risky situation continues to develop (WHO, 2008). In spite of the fact the main cause for the development of the chronic respiratory diseases is determined by the researchers as the climatic peculiarities and the frequent occurrence of dust and sand storms, the aspects of ‘civilization’ also significantly influence the prevalence of the respiratory diseases in the region. According to Hajat, Harrison, and Shather, the increase of chronic diseases in Abu Dhabi, including respiratory diseases, is connected with the growth of the region’s status and its intensive development (Hajat, Harrison, Shather, 2012). The definite aspects of the western way of life such as the growth of industries and transport can cause the people’s suffering from non-communicable diseases. The rapid growth of industries â€Å"is causing air quality to become poor in the large cities due to motor vehicles and industrial emissions. The health impact can be seen by the fact that the incidence of respiratory diseases has increased in the past 10 years† (WHO, 2006, p. 44). The next important factor is smoking. Thus, the quality of the air decreases, and the peculiarities of the climate in Abu Dhabi contribute to complicating the situation. Nevertheless, the researchers are inclined to associate the problem of respiratory diseases in the UAE, and Abu Dhabi in particular, with the peculiarities of the region’s hot and dry climate. Thus, occasional violent sand and dust storms can cause a lot of damage, reduce visibility, and contribute to worsening the health of those persons who suffer from different respiratory diseases. In their investigation, Zaabi and the group of researchers concentrated on the connection between the development of COPD in Abu Dhabi and smoking. The researchers concluded that there are no direct connections between the health problems and smoking because of the fact there are a lot of the other factors which stimulate the worsening of the population’s health state in Abu Dhabi and the increase of the amount of people with chronic respiratory diseases such as COPD (Zaabi et al., 2010 ). Thus, the question of more risky factors for developing respiratory diseases remains open because the situation in Abu Dhabi can be discussed as caused by the combination of the negative impacts of breathing the chemically polluted air, smoking, breathing the air with the particles of sand and dust storms. Salvi and Barnes also focus on examining the possible correlations between the fact of active or passive smoking and the development of COPD, and they conclude that chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease depend not only on the fact of smoking or the effects of biomass fuel but also on the combination of the definite socio-economic factors, and the peculiarities of the certain nations’ development (Salvi Barnes, 2009). The results of the research are significant for analyzing the role of such factors as, for instance, smoking and breathing the air polluted with the sand and dust particles for the development of the respiratory diseases. It is possible t o conclude that the prevalence of respiratory diseases in the UAE and Abu Dhabi is based on such significant factors as the progress of the life according to the definite western patterns, the industries’ growth, the development of the unhealthy habit to smoke, the pollution of the air with the sand and dust particles which is caused by the occasional sand storms. Chronic respiratory diseases are the causes for a lot of deaths in the region, and the frequency of sand and dust storms can be discussed as the negative factor for changing the statistical data in relation to the issue. The Connection between Dust/Sand Storms and Respiratory Diseases in Abu Dhabi Today, a lot of people who live in Abu Dhabi suffer from coughing and wheezing, such chronic respiratory diseases as asthma and COPD. Mahboub, Santhakumar, Soriano, and Pawankar conducted the complex research to examine the peculiarities of asthma in the UAE, concentrating on the factors which stimulate its development and on the ways of the effective treatment (Mahboub, Santhakumar, Soriano, Pawankar, 2010). The problem is in the fact chronic respiratory diseases are often caused by the combination of negative factors among which it is necessary to focus on smoking and the climatic peculiarities of the region. Thus, dust and sand storms are discussed as the most influential aspects for developing the people’s shortness of breath and worsening their chronic respiratory diseases. Kwaasi (as cited in Nuwayhid, Youssef, Habib, 2009, p. 92) pays attention to the fact that sandstorm dust is a â€Å"prolific source of potential triggers of allergic and nonallergic respiratory ailments†. Such dust incidents as sand storms in the UAE are the environmental risk factors which cause the prevalence of asthma, pneumonia, allergic rhinitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and COPD in the region. The periods which can be considered as the seasons of dust/sand storms in Abu Dhabi are characterized by the pat ients’ frequent complaints about their chronic respiratory diseases or allergic rhinitis. That is why, it is important for people to stay indoors when the violent sand storms occur in order to avoid the deterioration of the physical state of those persons who suffer from asthma or COPD. Nowadays, many researchers agree that it is possible to observe the direct correlation between the development of asthma, COPD, and the other respiratory diseases and the frequency of dust and sand storms in the UAE because the particles of sand influence the respiratory system, causing its allergic reactions or worsening the chronic diseases (Nuwayhid, Youssef, Habib, 2009). From this point, the climatic and weather peculiarities of the region such as the vast desert area and the changes in temperature provoke dust incidents which cause a lot of respiratory diseases, and this logic chain ends with the high percentage of mortality affected by the development of respiratory diseases in the UAE (Hajat, Harrison, Shather, 2012). In spite of the fact dust/sand storms are dangerous for the people’s health in Abu Dhabi because of the peculiarities of this weather phenomenon, the situation can be complicated with the persons’ habit to smoke. Breathing the air polluted with the sand particles and gases, people increase the risks of worsening their physical state and developing chronic respiratory diseases. The researchers pay attention to the fact that dust and sand storms can provoke the development of the respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and allergic rhinitis and can prolong the patients’ suffering from COPD and bronchial asthma (Zaabi et al., 2011). It is important to note that the seasons of dust and sand storms in the UAE are the periods of the hot and windy weather when the percentage of the patients’ complaints about their health and respiratory diseases is extremely high, and it can be very low during the other seasons of a year. Thus, dust and sand storms are directly associated with increasing the level of respiratory diseases in the UAE, and in Abu Dhabi in particular. It is rather difficult to find the ways of prevention from developing allergies and worsening asthma during the seasons of dust and sand storms because of the necessity to go outdoors and continue the everyday activity. That is why, doctors draw the patients’ attention to the importance of following some rules among which the avoidance of smoking and covering their nose and mouth while being outdoors. Some easy forms of the respiratory diseases caused by the dust and sand storms which are typical for the region of the UAE can develop into asthma, lung diseases, and even trachea and bronchus cancers. From this point, the problem of respiratory diseases and its association with the frequency of dust incidents in Abu Dhabi is important for examining by the researchers because respiratory diseases are the cause for the premature deaths of the population in the region. Conclusions The high level of mortality from respiratory diseases in the UAE, and in Abu Dhabi in particular, is based on the peculiarities of the climate in the region when the hot and dry windy weather influences the dust incidents which cause the persons’ problems with the respiratory system. Dust/sand storms affect the situation when millions of sand particles are distributed with the help of the wind and provoke the development of the allergic reactions. Dust and sand storms are frequent in summer and spring, and these seasons are characterized by the extremely high percentage of the patients’ complaints about asthma, COPD, and allergies. To avoid the negative effects of dust incidents, it is necessary for people to stay predominantly indoors and protect their nose and mouth when they are outdoors. It is possible to conclude that the prevalence of asthma, COPD, and other respiratory diseases in Abu Dhabi is directly associated with dust storms in the region because these dust incidents provoke the negative stimulation of the people’s respiratory system, contributing to the development of a lot of symptoms such as coughing and problems with breathing. Living in the UAE, people have to adapt to the climatic peculiarities in order to avoid the health problems, and respiratory diseases caused by these peculiarities can be discussed as characteristic for the population’s health in Abu Dhabi. References Akbari, S. (2011). 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A review on East Asian dust storm climate, modelling and monitoring. Global and Planetary Change, 52, 1–22. World Health Organization (2006). Health system profile: The UAE. Web. World Health Organization (2008). Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD). Web. Zaabi, A. A., Asad, F., Abdou, J., Musaabi, H. A., Saiari, M. B., Buhussien, A. S. M., Nagelkerke, N., Soriano, J. B. (2011). Prevalence of COPD in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Respiratory Medicine, xx, 1-5. This research paper on The Association between Dust Incidents and Respiratory Diseases in Abu Dhabi was written and submitted by user Malice to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.